A Step By Step Guide To Plastic Injection Molding From High Precision Plastic Injection Molding Factory
The plastic injection molding process is the most popular technique for making plastic parts. This is due to the enormous variety of ways in which this material can be molded, even when they are complex, and it is a fast and efficient process.
One of the most important advantages is that the molded parts require very little finishing work, since this process allows to manufacture an infinity of articles in one piece, with textures, colors and other variables defined directly from the injection into the mold.
However, this process takes a small number of steps to be effective. These are:
Power Unit
The process begins in a hopper that is filled with plastic granules through a dispenser. This is the raw material of any product, which is fed into the barrel that carries the polymer through the injection unit.
Hydraulic unit
In order for the molten material to advance through the barrel of the injection unit, the spindle is driven by a hydraulic system enabled by an electric motor, which causes an axial movement of the barrel and its blades in an endless flow.
Injection Unit
The polymer is fused with the heat generated by various bands of resistors that are placed around the barrel. Fluid is injected into the mold through the nozzle, exerting enough pressure to fill and solidify within the mold.
Molding Unit
It consists of a hydraulic or mechanical press made up of two mold-holding plates, which cause the hermetic union of both parts of the mold to form the cavity of the part and resist the strong pressure that is applied when the polymer is injected into the mold.
One of the two parts of the mold is kept fixed, which is the one that is glued to the polymer injection unit, while the other that is kept in motion during the molding cycle and is known as the extraction or closing part.
This same unit opens again when the injected part solidifies, when it is cooled with the help of a refrigerant fluid and finally it is expelled by the knockout bolts on the extractor side, to start the cycle again, which is carried out continuously.
Mold
The mold is the most important part of the injection machine, as it is where the plastic part will take its shape and finish. It is an interchangeable part that is screwed into the press through a mold holder. It consists of two equal parts that are hermetically joined.
Each of the parts has a cavity that will be filled with the hot polymer fluid, to take shape and replicate the corresponding part. The material is pressed by the injector unit to fill the mold cavity 100% before cooling.
Injection Process
Finally, the material enters the barrel and heats up, the thigh pushes the polymer into the mold cavities, and finally the polymer takes the shape of the mold and cools to solidify
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